DraftKings is the latest target in California’s wave of California Invasion of Privacy Act (CIPA) website-tracking litigation. In Hughes v. DraftKings Inc., filed in the Central District of California, plaintiff Dana Hughes alleges that DraftKings operated its website with data broker software from NextRoll, The Trade Desk, and Comscore that secretly collected data about website visitors, their devices, locations, page views, and browser characteristics to identify and track users for marketing and profiling purposes. The complaint alleges that Hughes visited the DraftKings website and that data reasonably likely to identify her was transmitted to at least three third parties through code running on the site. 

The core CIPA theory is familiar but still high stakes: the complaint claims the tracking code operated as an unlawful “trap and trace device” under California Penal Code section 638.51 because it captured electronic signals and identifying information from visitors’ devices without a court order or consent. Hughes seeks class certification, statutory damages under CIPA, punitive damages, restitution, disgorgement, injunctive relief, attorneys’ fees, and other relief. For companies, the warning is straightforward: plaintiffs are continuing to scrutinize routine website advertising and analytics tools through the lens of California’s wiretap and trap-and-trace laws. The DraftKings complaint targets third-party tags that many businesses may view as standard marketing infrastructure, including retargeting pixels, cookie-based identifiers, browser fingerprinting, cookie matching, and cross-site tracking tools. Businesses that receive CIPA demands or complaints should quickly map which third-party scripts run on their sites, what data those scripts collect or transmit, whether the vendors are data brokers or advertising technology providers, and what consent, disclosure, and vendor controls are in place before responding.

Photo of Kathryn Rattigan Kathryn Rattigan

Kathryn Rattigan is a member of the Business Litigation Group and the Data Privacy+ Cybersecurity Team. She concentrates her practice on privacy and security compliance under both state and federal regulations and advising clients on website and mobile app privacy and security…

Kathryn Rattigan is a member of the Business Litigation Group and the Data Privacy+ Cybersecurity Team. She concentrates her practice on privacy and security compliance under both state and federal regulations and advising clients on website and mobile app privacy and security compliance. Kathryn helps clients review, revise and implement necessary policies and procedures under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). She also provides clients with the information needed to effectively and efficiently handle potential and confirmed data breaches while providing insight into federal regulations and requirements for notification and an assessment under state breach notification laws. Prior to joining the firm, Kathryn was an associate at Nixon Peabody. She earned her J.D., cum laude, from Roger Williams University School of Law and her B.A., magna cum laude, from Stonehill College. She is admitted to practice law in Massachusetts and Rhode Island. Read her full rc.com bio here.